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WBLT, SEBTA and SEBTPM can be strongly recommended for measuring ankle dorsiflexion mobility and dynamic balance for both sides of individuals with unilateral CAI, while only WBLT can be used for side-to-side comparison. Neither a gender main effect nor any interaction effect was found. Three-way repeated measures ANOVA showed a side main effect, with asymptomatic worse, for WBLT (F = 16.9, p < 0.001) and SEBTA (F = 5.4, p = 0.03) an overall improving time main effect for SEBTPL (F = 6.9, p = 0.02). On the symptomatic side, WBLT, SEBTA and SEBTPM showed excellent reliability, with ICCs (3,1) above 0.90, while SEBTPL, goniometer and AMEDA showed moderate reliability, with the 95% CI of the ICCs (3,1) crossing 0.5. All measures were taken at enrollment, after 30 min and one week later.įor the asymptomatic side, all assessments demonstrated good to excellent reliability, with ICCs (3,1) between 0.8 and 0.96. Twenty-four individuals with unilateral CAI.įor both sides, ankle dorsiflexion range of motion (DFROM) was assessed by a goniometer and weight-bearing lunge test (WBLT), proprioception by the active movement extent discrimination apparatus (AMEDA), and balance by the Star Excursion Balance Test with anterior (SEBTA), posteromedial (SEBTPM) and posterolateral (SEBTPL) components. Within and between-days test-retest reliability. Electronic address: determine the reliability of the commonly used musculoskeletal assessments in individuals with chronic ankle instability (CAI). 5 School of Health Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, 3122, Victoria, Australia College of Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Science, Shanghai, 201318, China Research Institute of Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, ACT2600, Australia.The muscles of the leg divide into anterior, posterior, and lateral compartments. 4 School of Health Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, 3122, Victoria, Australia School of Biomedical Science and Health, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University, Bundoora, 3083, Victoria, Australia Department of Surgery, University of Melbourne, Parkville, 3010, Victoria, Australia. The movements that occur at the ankle joint are plantarflexion, dorsiflexion, inversion, and eversion.

3 Research Institute of Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, ACT2600, Australia.

Electronic address: 2 School of Health Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, 3122, Victoria, Australia.

1 School of Health Science, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, 3122, Victoria, Australia.

The type of external support and gait assistive device recommended should be based on the severity of the injury, phase of tissue healing, level of protection indicated, extent of pain, and patient preference. Range of motion (ROM) means the extent or limit to which a part of the body can be moved around a joint or a fixed point the totality of movement a joint is capable of doing. "Clinicians should educate patients with acute lateral ankle sprains to use external supports and to progressively bear weight on the affected limb. Grade A Evidence: Interventions- Acute Protected Phase/ Early Weightbearing In particular the Ottowa or Bernese ankle rules should be used when screening for a radiograph. Clinicians should perform a thorough differential diagnosis when evaluating a patient with an acute ankle sprain or signs of instability. Grade A Evidence: Differential Diagnosis Validated outcome measures such as the FAAM and LEFS should be utilized when performing an examination on patient's presenting with symptoms of an ankle sprain or instability.

Toe scrunching Sit on a chair and place a towel on the floor. A physical therapy examination should include objective assessment of swelling, range of motion, talar translation, and single limb balance while examination both subacute and acute ankle sprains. Physiotherapy Department Ankle range of movement exercises, November 2021 1 Physiotherapy / Ankle range of movement exercises Eversion Turn your sole of your foot outwards, while keeping your knee still. Ankle Ligament Sprains (Clinical Practice Guidelines 2013)